The two EcoWater Case Studies that address agricultural water systems, focus on shifts from rainfed to irrigated agriculture and innovations that can reduce the relevant water and energy footprints and production inputs. Relevant technologies and practices concern:

• Technologies for improved water management and reduced energy consumption
• Eco-friendly agronomic practices
• Broader systemic changes, such as new cropping patterns, introduction of alternative water supply sources, etc.

Eco-efficiency assessments concern on reduction of environmental impacts in relation to current or recent practices, financial costs, the value added in relation to irrigation water use and choice of cropping patterns, and economic interactions,  focusing particularly on water users.