The Hydraulic Basin of the Oum Er Rbia is confronted to various natural constraints. The reason concern the durability and the availability of water in terms of quality and quantity.

This situation ensues of the strong variability and the weakness of precipitations in the time and in the space. It is the result of several factors, notably the geographical features of the region, and the general atmospheric situation. In short droughts repeated since 1980, a reduction of the resource was about 15% to 20%.

Additionally, Oum Er Rbia Basin is situated between two important Basins which knows problems of water resources:

• Tensift that include Marrakech where one observes practically a rupture between demand and offer,
• Bouregreg that include among others, cities of Casablanca and Rabat that can not depend anymore on the only basin of the Bouregreg, solicited already too much since interesting the Atlantic zone with 7 millions of inhabitants and that is the most dynamic region of the country)

In order to address these issues, the state undertook a certain number of actions:  

• Water flow regulation
• Development of an important irrigation network
• Water transfers to reinforce drinking water supply for big cities
• Engagement in a National debate

The dominant technical issues are:

• Over-exploitation of groundwater resources
• Water quality deterioration
• Inefficient water use  
  

The financial constraints can be summed up in the difficulty of the populations to pay for the cost of the putting into availability of water supply. The State finances dams construction, the pose of the irrigation network joining dams to the irrigated perimeters, and the upgrading of the AEPI sector. Thereafter the population pays the other expenses.

Otherwise the politics led by the state by the institution of the invoicing of the drinking water by slice encouraging to the departure the access to water for the populations to weak income.
 General increase of the water tariffs that begins to cause some discontents however owed to the insufficiency of communication essentially.

Otherwise, note that the State has just begun in November 2006 for the mobilization of 44 billions of DH to reduce a half of the liquid purification problems to the national level during the 15 future years. Finally, the administrative and institutional setting suffers from the slowness in the implementation of the law 10-95. This heaviness constitutes a handicap to a rational management of water resources and notably the pollutant payer principle.

This implementation delay acts essentially on the royalties that should constitute the main financial resources of the basins agencies and that should permit them to bestow financial helps destined to the development and the protection of water resources.